The Enneking (Musculoskeletal Tumor Society, MSTS) staging system is a widely used orthopaedic-oncology framework that stages both benign and malignant bone tumours. It combines...
The Lauge-Hansen classification describes ankle fractures by foot position (supination vs pronation) plus deforming force (adduction, external rotation, or abduction). It has 4 types...
The Dorr classification for total hip replacement (THA) describes the shape and bone quality of the proximal femur on preoperative radiographs. It helps surgeons...